Public finance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Public finance - Research Paper Example The main aim of any social security measure is to provide the confidence for individuals and families that their quality of life would not be eroded by economic or social eventuality. It includes sickness, old age, family, unemployment, maternity, invalidity benefits, and medical care. In democratic countries, implementation of welfare schemes for the vulnerable groups such as children, women, and aged people with disabilities is the political necessity of the society (â€Å"Vito Tanzi’’). People of the country need security against certain possible risks to which they are perennially exposed. The family is the oldest and the primary institution of social security. The situation leads to need for social security differs from place to place. In Europe, industrial revolution which concentrated at urban and industrial centers affected the rural folk badly by disturbing the institution of social security in the joint family system. When an individual was unable to take car e of his/her family, society comes forward to protect them while realizing the importance of social security. In United Kingdom, laws were enacted for providing minimal food and shelter in a workhouse to the poor. Along with these, additional economic and social security measures such as private savings, private insurance, life insurance, mutual aid, mutual benefit schemes, and compensation by employers’ medieval guilds were implemented both by government and private sectors (â€Å"Madhava Rao’’). Social security The need for social security support for any country is greater than ever. Governments should provide protection for their citizen against economic risks in the form of economic benefits and tax credits. These may help families with the costs of bringing up children and enable to save for retirement which provides support for them in their old age. In the way governments so far ruled Britain took many steps to redistribute income to alleviate poverty, and help people to maintain living standards. Since 1997, governments carried out major changes in both policy and administration to reform the social security and tax systems with the purpose of modernizing the welfare state. In social security, mainly two basic entitlements, viz, human rights and citizenship rights were becoming an important factor. Both these together include economic, social and cultural rights (â€Å"Julia Griggs’’). Human rights are generally universal and unconditional. They have seen as placing responsibilities towards an individual. On the other hand, citizenship rights are related to membership of a particular country. General citizenship includes the responsibilities such as paying taxes, care for children, and uphold the law. However, the terms and conditions of rights and responsibilities differ from country to country as some countries spend more on social security and their demanding conditions match with generous rights. Both human rig hts and rights of citizenship have been used as arguments for economic, social as well as cultural rights. Adding, the right to social security involves the right to gain access and maintain benefits. Public Finance Public finance generally deals with the finances of the government which includes the rising and disbursement of its funds, and is concerned with the operation of the public treasury. In recent days, the study of public finance is increasingly assuming importance as it is a matter of

Civil right Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Civil right - Essay Example Segregation existed in all kinds, forms and shapes in the daily lives of the people mentioned in the documentary. As Foner said, â€Å"They had to fight for every inch of it. Nobody gave you anything. Nothing† (957). They were dealing with people who believed in some sort of religion, where â€Å"racial amalgamation is both illegal, immoral and a disgrace† As a foreigner who does not know American history well, I was stunned by the facts presented in the documentary. Watching the discussions of what occurred in the fight for human rights brought so much grief, sorrow, misery and pain to me as a viewer so I can just imagine how the Blacks felt in their struggle to acquire the equal rights they have been fighting for. The Blacks wanted to get rid of racial segregation in the state because it has not been good for them, nor the state (Medgar Evers, during TV show). It made me rethink about non-violent resistances led by Martin Luther King Jr. and how difficult it has been for him to pursue his people’s desire for freedom through the extreme opposite of what most Blacks wanted and believed in. King told the Blacks who lost their beloved fathers and sons, who were despised and who lost their jobs and houses to the Whites, that they would never use violence on their protests. â€Å"There will be no White persons pulled out of their homes and taken out to some distant road and lynched† (King, the speech of the launching of the Montgomery bus boycott), was the philosophy that the reformer believed in. I think this was a noble act which fairly received its due when the Blacks were finally recognized as human beings, worthy of a life where they are treated as they

Edna,Hester, and Huck :: essays research papers

Edna, Hester, and Huck offer many ways that they look at society. These ways differ in how they approach their perspectives, reach their perspective, and what they conclude from their perspective. Moreover, there are a great number of similarities between the outlooks of the three characters upon the world in that they all learn or conclude their outlook from the circumstances that they are faced with, they all change their ways and somewhat rebel against their societies culture as a result of the new outlook, and furthermore they don’t try and change their society and make an impact.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hester Prynne is a character that approached her new outlook as something she had to do for herself. She faced the Puritan society because she was placed in the public eye and she had to. Which resulted in her reaching perspective that the love and passion she had for Dimmesdale is not a crime and this can be seen through her choosing not to leave Boston and her also not taking the scarlet A off of her dress. Edna’s perspective was one in which she longed to change but didn’t know how, and Robert and Arobin helped her to figure out. Edna is a character that changes her outlook based on her thinking what everybody else’s outlook was. She wasn’t really sure herself what she wanted, she was very emotional and fickle. Edna’s perspective of the world that she was not really needed lead to the conclusion that she did not need to exist. Huck is young, naà ¯ve, and heavily influenced by if not everything, most things around him. He take s a look at how others see things, and how others act in certain situations to gain his newly independent outlook, expressed when he tears up the letter. He also allows his emotions for Jim gather up when he is forming his perspective of the world. The different time periods also have an affect on why and how these perspectives are different in that the times changed along with societies culture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All the characters face their situations in boldness and believe that there is need for a change. They are alienated because each of the outlooks rebel against societal views and would be horrible if the society knew what they thought. Hester never told who Pearl’s father was because she felt it was his sin and he had to confess.

Statement and Topic Sentence

Cause/Effect Outline Your introduction should: get your readers' attention state the title and author of the novel indicate historical context as applicable clearly identify the cause/effect relationship in the thesis Organize the body of your essay to fit the cause/effect relationship you are analyzing. For an essay that examines one effect with multiple causes l. Introduction A. Please write out your thesis statement using a complete sentence. II. Body paragraph #1† Topic sentence identifies cause#l A. supporting details (details†examples/textual support)B. supporting details C. concluding sentence Body paragraph #2† Topic sentence identifies cause #2 A. supporting details Ill. ‘V. Body paragraph #3† Topic sentence identifies cause #3 A. supporting details V. Conclusion For an essay that examines one cause with multiple effects paragraph #1 †Topic sentence identifies effect #1 Body paragraph #2† Topic sentence identifies effect #2 A. suppor ting details ‘V. Body paragraph #3† Topic sentence identifies effect #3 A. supporting details paragraph #1† Topic sentence identifies cause #1 ‘V.Body paragraph #3† Topic sentence identifies effect #1 A. supporting details V. Body paragraph #4† Topic sentence identifies effect #2 VI. Conclusion OR a. Please write out your thesis statement using a complete sentence. II. Body a. supporting details b. supporting details c. concluding sentence Ill. Body paragraph #2†Topic sentence identifies effect #1 a. supporting details ‘V. Body paragraph #3†Topic sentence identifies cause #2 V. Body paragraph #4†Topic sentence identifies effect #2 Remember, these are Just models to help you organize your essay.You may have more or fewer body paragraphs or supporting details. Do not feel like you have to force your essay to fit these examples exactly! Also remember, topic sentences and concluding sentences make assertions, Your conclusion sh ould: Restate your thesis (without using the same exact wording) Broaden from your character's examples to the larger historical and world context Leave the reader with a call-to-action/larger lesson that connects to your thesis but is applicable to the world (don't mention the book)

Definition and Examples of Cause and Effect in Essays

Ventajas de estudiar en un Community Colleges en EEUU

Los Colegios Comunitarios –Community Colleges en inglà ©s– son una opcià ³n mà ¡s econà ³mica que las universidades para las personas interesadas en estudiar una  carrera universitaria en Estados Unidos, tomar cursos de inglà ©s o completar estudios profesionales de grado medio. La estadà ­sticas ponen de relieve la importancia de los Community Colleges dentro del sistema universitario de los Estados Unidos. Segà ºn el Community College Research Center, el 45 por ciento de los estudiantes universitarios en el paà ­s realizan sus estudios en uno de esos centros. Esto es, mà ¡s de ocho millones de estudiantes, de los cuales mà ¡s de la mitad estudian a tiempo parcial. Quà © son los Community Colleges   El nombre de Community Colleges se refiere a instituciones universitarias que otorgan un Associates Degree al estudiante que finaliza sus estudios y requieren haber completado 60 crà ©ditos en cursos semestrales. En comparacià ³n, los colleges y universidades otorgan un tà ­tulo universitario en la forma de Bachelor ´s Degree y es necesario haber finalizado 120 crà ©ditos. Los Community Colleges tambià ©n se conocen con el nombre de Technical Colleges o Junior Colleges, incluso County Colleges. En las diferentes zonas geogrà ¡ficas de Estados Unidos hay la costumbre de llamarle de distinta forma. En todo caso, es lo mismo. Tambià ©n se le conoce como instituciones de dos aà ±os, ya que si se estudia a tiempo completo y satisfactoriamente los cursos se finalizan en ese tiempo. Costo de los Community Colleges Estudiar en los Colegios Comunitarios es mucho mà ¡s asequible que el de las Universidades de cuatro aà ±os El ahorro puede ser muy grande y servir para pagar gastos como alimentacià ³n, libros de texto, viajes, etc. La mayorà ­a de los Community Colleges son pà ºblicos, aunque tambià ©n los hay privados. Estos à ºltimos son mà ¡s caros, pero siguen siendo un ahorro notable en comparacià ³n con Universidades y Colleges. Ademà ¡s, en la mayorà ­a de los estados hay una diferencia en el precio de la matrà ­cula –tuition en inglà ©s– entre in state y out of state. Los que califican como in state, es decir, los residentes en ese estado generalmente pagan mucho menos que los de out of state, aunque no siempre es asà ­. Ciudadanos, residentes, refugiados y asilados que vivan en un determinado estado y cumplan con requisitos adicionales que dependen de cada estado pueden calificar para una matrà ­cula in state. Si los indocumentados califican o no para esa calificar depende del estado. Pero en muchos de ellos, sà ­ que se pueden beneficiar y pagar como in state, si realmente residen en el estado. Los estudiantes internacionales (visas F-1 o M-1) deben pagar como out of state.   Ejemplo de ahorro en coste de pago de matrà ­cula La Universidad de Texas es pà ºblica y prestigiosa con muchos centros. Estudiar en su campus de cuatro aà ±os de Austin tiene un costo de matrà ­cula anual para el curso que empieza en octubre de 2019  de $35.682 para los estudiantes out of state. Y de $10.092 para los in  state. En comparacià ³n, Central Texas Community College, tambià ©n pà ºblico, tiene un costo por aà ±o para el curso que empieza en octubre de 2019 de $7.050 para estudiantes out of state y de $2.700 para los que pueden calificar como in state del distrito y $3.390 para los in state de otro distrito. En comparacià ³n, Rice University, tambià ©n radicada en Texas pero privada, tiene un costo de matrà ­cula anual para el mismo periodo de $43.918, para todo tipo de estudiantes, ya que al ser una institucià ³n privada no hace distinciones entre residentes en el estado y los que no lo son. La siguiente herramienta sirve de determinar  cuà ¡nto cuesta la matrà ­cula en mà ¡s de 1.000 Community Colleges Menores exigencias en los tests  de ingreso Aunque cada centro tiene sus propias reglas, en general los Colegios Comunitarios admiten estudiantes con resultados mà ¡s bajos en los exà ¡menes estandarizados como TOEFL, SATS y equivalentes que las universidades de cuatro aà ±os. Incluso puede suceder que no sean un requisito. Ademà ¡s, conviene tener en cuenta que los que son pà ºblicos pueden tener normas que los obliguen a aceptar dentro de su sistema a los estudiantes residentes en el estado que han obtenido su graduacià ³n de high school o equivalente, tipo GED. Esto no sucede con los estudiantes internacionales ni con los residentes de otros estados de la Unià ³n Americana. Pero sà ­ que merece resaltar que los requisitos de ingreso son, en general, mà ¡s fà ¡ciles de obtener que los que piden las universidades y colleges de cuatro aà ±os. Por lo tanto, para los estudiantes que todavà ­a no se sienten cà ³modos acadà ©micamente con el inglà ©s, los Community Colleges pueden ser una gran opcià ³n. Oportunidad para familiarizarse con el sistema educativo universitario de los Estados Unidos Los estudios en un Community College son dos aà ±os en los que se puede mejorar notablemente el conocimiento del inglà ©s y sus particularidades acadà ©micas. Ademà ¡s, brinda la oportunidad de conocer y entender el sistema de crà ©ditos, requisitos, à ¡reas de concentracià ³n  (mayors), titulaciones, etc. Esto puede ser recomendable para los estudiantes extranjeros que no han cursado ningà ºn aà ±o de high school en Estados Unidos y desconocen el sistema de estudios. Ofrecen una titulacià ³n en sà ³lo dos aà ±os El tà ­tulo que se gana al completar los crà ©ditos es el de Associates Degree y se conoce como Diploma o Certificate. En muchos casos es suficiente para desempeà ±ar profesiones como algunos tipos bà ¡sicos de enfermerà ­a, maestro de educacià ³n temprana, paralegal, tà ©cnico de laboratorio, etc. En otros, se puede utilizar como un trampolà ­n para acceder a una universidad o college de cuatro aà ±os y asà ­ ganar una titulacià ³n universitaria completa. El estudiante que piensa aplicar a una universidad de cuatro aà ±os deberà ­a considerar solicitar el ingreso a varias instituciones. De hecho, es prà ¡ctica habitual enviar la solicitud a entre seis y ocho universidades. Estos son los  ocho tipos de documentacià ³n que se necesitan para aplicar a la universidad  y colleges, por lo que es muy importante planear con tiempo. A pesar de las ventajas que supone estudiar en un Community College y por lo que deberà ­a ser una opcià ³n a considerar, tambià ©n hay que tener presente los siguientes inconvenientes. Posible dificultad  para hacer un transfer a una universidad de cuatro aà ±os No todas las universidades y colleges aceptan estudiantes que han realizado parte de sus estudios en otra institucià ³n. O, si los aceptan, imponen condiciones duras para transferir los crà ©ditos ya estudiados. Por esta razà ³n, si lo que se pretende es estudiar una carrera de cuatro aà ±os es obligatorio  asegurarse saber  cuà ¡ntas universidades y garantizan la admisià ³n de los estudiantes del Community College que se està ¡ considerando como una  opcià ³n  para estudiar los dos primeros aà ±os. La admisià ³n està ¡ garantizada siempre y cuando se haya cursado un determinado nà ºmero de crà ©ditos y el GPA (calificacià ³n media de los cursos realizados) està © dentro del mà ­nimo  aceptado por la Universidad. Ademà ¡s, hay universidades que aceptan de buena gana estudiantes internacionales provenientes  de Community Colleges prestigiosos por considerar que ya conocen el sistema acadà ©mico americano. Eso puede ser asà ­ aunque no tengan firmado ningà ºn acuerdo. En estos casos va a depender de la calidad y mà ©ritos de los estudiantes. Para evitar problemas en los transfer analizar en detalle los Community Colleges que pueden ser una opcià ³n.   En el caso de estudiantes internacionales preguntar quà © tipo de apoyo tienen para acomodarse al sistema de vida americano y para mejorar en el inglà ©s. Opciones de visa para los estudiantes internacionales La visa de estudiante mà ¡s comà ºn es la F-1 y, en el caso de estudios vocacionales, la M-1. Pero a veces mà ¡s que estudiar una carrera lo que se quiere es practicar el inglà ©s y vivir unos meses en USA. En estos casos es recomendable tener en cuenta los  distintos programas que conforman la visa J-1 de intercambio, ya que en algunos casos podrà ­an ser convenientes.   Otra opcià ³n para los estudiantes que viven en Mà ©xico o Canadà ¡ cerca de la frontera es solicitar una visa F-3, que les permite conocer el sistema educativo estadounidense sin necesidad de tener que vivir en los Estados Unidos. Posibles problemas para sacar la visa de estudiante Si el dinero no es un problema y te han admitido de una buena universidad de cuatro aà ±os, acepta. Los Community Colleges son una buena opcià ³n, dependiendo de las caracterà ­sticas de cada estudiante, incluso pueden ser la mejor opcià ³n en casos de inglà ©s limitado o cuando el dinero va muy justo. Pero si hay la oportunidad de ir a una buena universidad, esa deberà ­a ser siempre la primera opcià ³n. Ademà ¡s, en ocasiones para los estudiantes internacionales aplicar para un Community College puede ser visto como sospechoso por el oficial consular que debe aprobar la visa de estudiante. Es importante conocer las causas que pueden convertir a una persona en inelegible para una visa no inmigrante, entre las que se encuentra la de estudiante. Ademà ¡s, estas son  22 causas que convierten a una persona en inadmisible para ingresar a Estados Unidos. Puntos Clave: Community Colleges Los Community Colleges o Colegios Comunitarios permiten estudiar inglà ©s, estudios profesionales y los primeros dos aà ±os de una licenciatura universitaria.Son mà ¡s baratos que los Colleges de cuatro aà ±osExigen menos requisitos acadà ©micos y de conocimientos de inglà ©s para admitir a los estudiantes.No siempre es posible transferir los crà ©ditos de un Colegio Comunitario a una college de cuatro aà ±os. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Graduation Speech High School Students - 2263 Words

Friends, Family, and Students, Good morning Please join me in thanking Mr. Moore, our Band director, and our award winning Jupiter High School band for their performance today. I also want to personally thank each of your for being here, helping us to make this a special occasion for all of our graduates and their families. To do that, we ask that you keep your applause brief to ensure each name will be heard. Please turn off your cell phones at this time, refrain from using noise makers, and please remain seated throughout the entire ceremony. A professional photographer will be taking pictures of graduates as they receive their diploma. Thank you in advance for making this a dignified and memorable ceremony for all of our students At†¦show more content†¦This is a class to be proud of†¦ Seniors please join me in thanking your parents for all the support and love they have given you over the years†¦ Thank you†¦ I also want to take a moment to recognize our distinguished faculty and staff. Please join me in thanking the Faculty and Staff of Jupiter Community High School. I ask them to stand now to be recognized for all that they do for our students, our school, and our community†¦[â€Å"Clap†] Thank you. You are amazing teachers, who go beyond the call of duty, coaches who are committed to more than wins, and a staff who sees to it that Jupiter High School is ranked among the best in the Nation†¦. . Thank you†¦. . At this time I would like to introduce our honored guests. Please stand when I recognize you. †¢ Dr. Robert Avosso — Superintendent of Schools †¢ Dr. David Christiansen — Deputy Superintendent/ Chief of schools †¢ Mr. Keith Oswald — Chief Academic Officer †¢ Mr. Eric Lundman Assistant Superintendent Professional Growth †¢ Mr. Chuck Shaw — School Board Chairman †¢ Dr. Camille Coleman — Area 4 Superintendent †¢ Mr. Frank Kitsero — Chief of the Jupiter Police Department †¢ Mr. Bruce Wasserman — Jupiter High School Guidance Coordinator †¢ Ms. Charmin Persson — Jupiter High School Guidance Counselor †¢ Ms. Suzane Sardinha — Sponsor of the Class of 2016 Also joining us on the stage are dedicated members of our faculty who are